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Catalan Talgo
The ''Catalan Talgo'' was an international express train introduced in 1969 that linked Geneva, Switzerland, with Barcelona, Spain.〔"Stop Press" (changes taking effect). ''Cooks Continental Timetable'' (June 1969 edition), p. 6; also pp. 71, 106, 236. London: Thomas Cook Publishing.〕〔(España en el Trans Europ Express ). (PDF) ''Vía Libre, la revista del ferrocarril'', No. 67 (July 1969), pp. 4–5. Linked from (this page ) on the website of ''Via Libre'' magazine, dated 15 February 2013. Retrieved 2013-03-03.〕 It was named after the Spanish region Catalonia and the Talgo equipment it used.〔TEE, p. 18.〕 It was an extension and upgrading of a predecessor train, ''Le Catalan'',〔 a first-class-only French (SNCF) ''Rapide'' train that had been in operation since 1955 but running only between Geneva and the stations nearest the Spanish-French border, connecting with a second-class-only "autorail" trainset to and from Barcelona. The national railway network of Spain, ''Red Nacional de los Ferrocarriles Españoles'' (RENFE), was using Iberian gauge for all of its main lines, while those of France and Switzerland use standard gauge. As a result of this break-of-gauge, train journeys between Geneva and Barcelona consisted of two separate parts, with travelers having to change〔La Légende des TEE, p. 274.〕 from a French to a Spanish train or vice versa at the border—at Portbou (alternatively written as Port Bou) on southbound trains and at Cerbère on northbound trains.〔''Cooks Continental Timetable'' (July 1968 edition), pp. 236, 238. Thomas Cook Publishing.〕 In 1968, this was resolved with the introduction of the Talgo III RD trainsets, which featured variable gauge wheelsets.〔De un sueño a la alta velocidad, p. 74.〕 At Portbou station,〔 the wheel spacing of each passenger carriage was adjusted by a gauge changer for the difference in gauge, and passengers no longer had to change trains.〔〔 After successful test runs,〔De un sueño a la alta velocidad, p. 81–82.〕 the ''Catalan'' was extended from Port Bou to Barcelona as a through train on 1 June 1969, becoming the ''Catalan Talgo'' and upgraded to a Trans Europ Express (TEE).〔 Most other rail journeys through this border crossing continued to require a change of train at Cerbère station or at Port Bou,〔 as most trains did not use Talgo III RD trainsets.
== Trans Europ Express ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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